英语分词的用法?分词作状语通常可以转换成一个相应的状语从句,如果状语从句中的谓语动词为被动结构,就用过去分词;如果状语从句中的谓语动词为主动结构,就用现在分词。有时为了强调,分词前可带连词when, while, if, though, as if,那么,英语分词的用法?一起来了解一下吧。
分词在句子中作状语,表示当动作发生时主语的状态,可扩成句子:
When
we
are
born,we
are
crying.
When
we
live,
we
are
complaining.
When
we
die,
we
are
disappointed.
希望能帮助你。
分词用法
分词:主要起修饰形容词和副词作用
分词现在分词ing:主动和进行
过去分词ed: 被动和完成
一、分词作表语
The situation isencouraging.
They were veryexcited at the news.
The door remainedlocked(被动关系)
The weather of thissummer is disappointing,(主动关系)
二、分词作定语
分词作定语是,若是单个分词作定语通常是前置修饰语;若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰词的后面。其作用相当于一个省略了的定义从句。
The arrestedmurderer will be tried soon
Don’t disturb thesleeping child.
You may ask thelady (who is) sitting at the desk.
Those (who havebeen) elected as committee members will attend the meeting.
The people workingwith me (who work with me) treat me like their friend.
有些不及物动词的过去分词作定语,并不表示被动的意思,而是表示完成。
英语语法中的分词的解析
1.分词的性质:
具有形容词性质,可以在句中担任表语、定语、宾补、状语,现在分词表示主动,且动作在进行:过去分词表示被动,或动作已完成。
2.分词的形式:
例: write (vt) rise (vi)
主动语态 被动语态 主动 过去分词
时态
现在时 writing being written rising risen /
完成时 having written having been written having risen /
3.分词的用法:
(1)定语 分词置于被修饰名词前
分词短语于置于被修饰名词后
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
a running dog = a dog which is running
a broken glass = a glass which is broken
a beaten team = a team which is beaten(beaten 是被打败的意思)
This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.
The problem being discussed is very important.
(2)表语:The book is interesting.
He is interested in the book.
The news is exciting.
He feels excited.
(3)宾语补足语:
When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.
I'd like to havethis package weighed.
(4)状语:(以下例句值得一背!)
① If you turn to the left, you'll find the station.
→ Turning to the left, you'll find the station.
② As I didn't receive her letter, I called her up by telephone.
→ Not receiving her letter, I called her up by telephone.
③ While I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
→ Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
④ When she was asked it she had any bad habit, she answeredthat she was a heavy smoker.
→ Asked if she had any bad habit, she answered that she was a heavy smoker.
注意:在运用此类句型时主语前后要保持一致。
1、作状语。
分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。
分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。
当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式,当所表示动作与谓语动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。完成或被动关系用过去分词。
2、作定语。
分词作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语,置于被修饰词的后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系),过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。
3、作宾语补足语。
现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及使役动词have后面,与名词或代词构成复合宾语,作宾语补语的成分,有三种形式,即动词原形,现在分词和过去分词。
动词原形表主动和完成,现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成。
4、作表语。
分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质,而且主语多为物。
扩展资料
分词尤指以-ing或-ed,-d,-t,-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词,具有形容词功能,同时又表现各种动词性特点。
分词用法
分词也是一种限定动词,分为现在分词和过去分词。它保留着动词的若干特征,又具有形容词、副词的特征。分词有时态和语态变化,又带有宾语并能被状语修饰。分词在句中主要作定语、状语用,作表语也十分普遍。
一、分词的形式
语态
时态主动语态 被动语态
一般式doing being done
完成式 having donehaving been done
其否定形式是在doing之后加上not。
二、分词的作用
分词在句中可作定语、表语、状语、补足语等。
1、作定语
分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置定语。
(1)前置定语
He is a promising young man. 他是一个有前途的年轻人。
Make less noise.There’s a sleeping child. 不要出太大声音,有个孩子在睡觉。
We only sell used books. 我们只卖用过的书。
(2)后置定语
The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper. 坐在约翰和玛丽之间的那个年轻小伙子是校园报的编辑。
以上就是英语分词的用法的全部内容,1、作状语。分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、方式、伴随等。分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的完成式。